Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender History Month

In Bolshevik Russia all penal restrictions on homosexual activities were removed. For a period in the 1920s, the Soviet moral code was seen as an enlightened model for the rest of the world. The rights of homosexuals were, to a degree, affirmed and protected. The Bolshevik Gregorii Batkis described the attitudes of the new, socialist society in 1923:

"The present sexual legislation in the Soviet Union is the work of the October revolution. This revolution is important not only as a political phenomenon which secures the political role of the working class, but also for the revolutions which evolving from it reach out into all areas of life... [Soviet legislation] declares the absolute non-involvement of state and society in sexual relations, provided they harm no one and infringe upon no one's interests... Homosexuality, sodomy and various other forms of sexual gratification set forth in European legislation as offences against public morality are treated by Soviet legislation exactly as is so called 'natural' intercourse."

With the counter revolution under the leadership of Stalin, in March 1934, homosexuality once again became a criminal offence and the Communist (Stalinist) movements of the rest of the world soon followed suit in labeling homosexuality "unsocialist". Stalin denounced homosexuality as the product of the "decadence in the bourgeois sector of society", and even a "fascist perversion"!

In 1918, the German Communist Party taking its lead from the successful revolution in Russia in 1917, argued for complete equality for lesbians and gays. The famous gay rights campaigner, Hirschfeld, recognised the radicalising effect of the revolution: "The events of the year 1918 have doubtless had a certain effect on the liberation struggle of homosexuals... For beyond the groups of humane and just scientists, homosexual organisations have arisen... and have taken up the struggle for their fellows."

After the defeat of the Germen revolution, which had given Hirschfeld and others the chance to put gay rights on the political map, the growing gay movement moved back, basing itself on the belief that, "The liberation of homosexuals can only be the work of homosexuals themselves" within a capitalist framework – like so many LGBT rights groups today.

Hirschfeld was a courageous person who suffered for his outspoken views. He was badly beaten up in 1920, attacked and left for dead with a fractured skull in 1921, and shot at during a lecture in 1923. He died in 1935. Yet, in all his years of campaigning, he never achieved his goal of law reform, let alone wider liberation for gay people.

The defeat of the German revolution tragically left the gay movement unable to defend itself against the fascist nightmare years later, which ended with tens of thousands of gays being murdered in concentration camps alongside Jews, socialists and communists.

Prejudice is an intrinsic part of the capitalist system. Capitalist ideology is advanced to justify the privileged existence of an elite at the expense of the majority and thrives on the inequalities in society which it creates.

In contrast, a socialist society, with democratic working-class control and management of industry and society's resources, would promote unity and co-operation. Under these conditions, prejudice would begin to evaporate and personal relationships would be freed from the restrictions imposed by capitalism.

A strategy to achieve lasting LGBT liberation depends on linking the day-to-day battles against anti-gay and anti-transgender discrimination to the struggle to rebuild a mass movement for socialism and achieve a socialist society.

We need to take the arguments for LGBT liberation and the fight against capitalism into the trade unions, workplaces, schools, colleges and youth clubs, into communities and voluntary organisations to rally support behind the call for genuine equality that could stop homophobia.

Knowing our history is a start. The point is to doing something with that knowledge and that is to fight for a socialist society which is the only way we can achieve real and lasting LGBT liberation.

The Socialist Party LGBT Group and Socialist Students will be holding a number of meetings on LGBT History.

Contact us for more info at lgbt@socialistparty.org.uk, or visit our website: www.socialistparty.org.uk/liberation/index.html

Home   |   The Socialist 16 - 22 Feb 2006   |   Join the Socialist Party